A-Mali | Arab Before Islam Religion Part 2 - Both forces are now face to face is this: Christian strength and power of Zoroastrianism, the Western powers dealing with Eastern powers. Along with the small powers that are under the influence of two forces, at the beginning of the sixth century were around the Arabian Peninsula. The two powers each have a desire of expansion and colonization. The leaders of the two religions respectively will bend over backwards to spread his religion to another religion for the trust that has been followed. Yet it remains like a peninsula oasis stocky not until untouched by the war, except in a few places on the edge of the course, also did not get touched by the spread of religions Christian or Zoroastrian, except for a small part in some tribes. Such symptoms in history sometimes seems strange that we do not see the location and climate of the peninsula as well as the effect of both on the lives of its inhabitants, in various kinds of differences and similarities as well as the tendency of their lives.
Arabian peninsula elongated shape and not parallelogram. To the north of Palestine and Sham desert, to the east of Hira, Dijla (Tigris), Furat (Euphrates) and the Persian Gulf, to the south of the Indonesian Ocean and Gulf of Aden, while to the west side of the Red Sea. So, from the west and south of this area surrounded by the ocean, from the north and from the east sahara desert sahara desert and the Persian Gulf. But not the only obstacle that has been protected from attack and invasion of colonization and propagation of the religion, but also because it is be distant-distance. The length of the peninsula that exceeds one thousand kilometers, as well as the extent of up to a thousand kilometers anyway. And which moreover is tandusnya protect this remarkable area until all the occupiers are reluctant to see it. In an area as vast as it sungaipun no. The rainy season which will be used as a handle to regulate something too erratic effort. Except for areas of Yemen are located south of the very fertile land and a fair amount of rain fell, the other Arab territory consists of mountains, plateaus, valleys, barren and arid nature. Not easy people will be able to settle down or will make progress. Completely live in the area do not pull apart nomadic constantly by using camels as his ship in the middle of the sea of the desert, while looking for green pastures for cattle food, rest a bit while waiting for the cattle that spend their food, then set off again looking for a meadows The new green in other places. Breeding places sought by people Badwi peninsula usually around spring that menyumber of the former rain, the rain water that fell from the crevices of rocks in the area. From there the growth of green fields scattered here and there in the oasis-oasis located around the spring.
Are reasonable once in such territories, which as broad Kingdom Saharan Africa, nobody can sedentary life, and how human life biasapun nor known. Also was used when people who live in that area is no more point just explore it and save themselves alone, except in places meager, which is overgrown with grass and animal husbandry. Also naturally also places that remain unknown because few people are willing to wander and want to explore the area. Practically the ancients did not know the Arabian Peninsula, in addition to Yemen. It's just the location that has been able to save from exile and penghuninyapun can survive themselves.
At that time people have felt so secure across the sea to transport merchandise or hold a cruise. From the Arab proverb that we can see now show, that the fear of people facing the same sea as in the face of death. But, however, to transport merchandise must be no other way than to wade danger of death. The most important trade transport that time was between East and West: between Romanic and its surroundings, as well as India and the surrounding areas. Arabian peninsula is an area that future traffic trade crossed through Egypt or through the Persian Gulf, through the canal which is located at the mouth of the Persian Gulf. Is certainly a reasonable one if the peoples of the interior of the Arabian peninsula into a king Sahara, as well as sailors in subsequent periods that the area more controlled water than land, sea king. And it was natural that when the kings of the desert know the ins and outs of the way of the caravan to dangerous places, as well as sailors, they are familiar with the lines of the boat trips to far, far away. "Road caravan was not left alone," kataHeeren, "but it has become a fixed place they are going through. In the vast desert region, which is commonly traversed by the caravans, nature has provided specific places to them, scattered in the barren region, which later became their resting place. In that place, in the shade of palm trees and on the banks of fresh water flowing around it, a trader with load animals can quench thirst thirst after the tiring journey. The resting places have also become a warehouse of their trade, and which partly used as a place of worship, where he asked for the protection of the merchandise or ask for help from that place. "1
Peninsula neighborhood was filled with the caravan. Important of which there are two. Which is a bordering the Persian Gulf, Dijla River, met with meadow Sham and Palestine. No wonder, too, if the boundary regions adjacent east was named the Road. Being that a longer bordering the Red Sea; and because it is named Road West. Through this two-way goods production in East and West are transported to the goods transported to the West in the East. Thus the inland areas get prosperity.
But that does not add to the knowledge of the West about the countries that have passed their trade. Because of the difficulty of taking these areas, both the West and East sides are willing to wade little - except for those who are familiar from his youth. While those who dared to gamble risking many lives lost in vain in the middle of the barren desert. For people who are used to living in luxury in the city, will not take hold barren mountains separating the Tihama on the Red Sea coast with a narrow area. Even at that time there were also people who get to the place - with only a camel as a vehicle - he would climb the mountain passes that will eventually cross over to the Najd plateau filled with desert. People who are used to living in a political system that can guarantee regular and satisfaction will be felt all the weight of all life in the atmosphere of the interior is not familiar discipline of state. Every tribe, or any family, even every pribadipun not have a sistiem relationship with anyone other than family ties or tribes or sworn loyal or jiwar system (protection neighbors) are commonly requested by the weaker party to the stronger. At every age land-living inland nations were indeed different from the life in the cities. He was satisfied with the way of life of each requite, against hostility with hostility, oppress the weak who have no protector. Such circumstances do not attract the attention of people to make a deeper investigation.
Therefore Peninsula region is still not known to the world at that time. And only then - after Muhammad s.a.w. born in these places - people began to recognize the history of news that brought people from that place, and the area was completely closed it is now beginning to be known world.
No one is known to the world about the Arab countries in addition to Yemen and its neighbors bordering the Persian Gulf. This is not because it is only caused by the border of the Persian Gulf and Ocean Indonesia alone, but rather caused by - unlike other peninsula-peninsula - a barren Sahara desert. The world is not interested, the country will bersahabatpun not feel will benefit and the colonizers also have no interest. Conversely, areas of Yemen fertile land, it rains regularly in every season. He became a powerful civilization country, with prosperous towns and places of worship were strong throughout the period. This peninsula population consists of ethnic Himyar, a tribe that intelligent and knowledgeable. Rain water flows discharged water the earth along the rugged land to sea. They made the Ma'rib Dam which can accommodate the flow of rain water in accordance with the terms of the applicable civilization.
Prior to the rise and this dam, water heavy rain falls on the mountains of Yemen were high that, along down to the valleys located east of the city of Ma'rib. At first the water down through the cracks of two mountains which lie on either side of this valley, separated from each other of approximately 400 meters. If the water had reached the Ma'rib it spread into the valley so that it lost absorbed as in dams upstream of the Nile. Thanks to the knowledge and intelligence that existed at the Yemeni population, they build a dam, the dam Ma'rib. This dam was built out of stone at the end of a narrow valley, then made cracks in order to allow for the distribution of water to the places they want and thus they grow fertile soil. Relics of civilization Himyar in Yemen ever investigated - and until now the investigation is still forwarded basis- showed, that their civilization at one time indeed has reached very high levels, also sejarahpun showed that Yemen had also suffered a disaster.
Even though so civilization resulting from fertility land and its inhabitants who settled also cause interference in the peninsula environment. Kings of Yemen sometimes from family Himyar already hereditary, sometimes also from among the people Himyar until the time Dhu Nuwas al-Himyari power. Dhu Nuwas itself inclined at all to the religion of Moses (Yudaisma), and did not like the idolatry that has befallen the nation. He studied this religion of the Jews were moved and settled in Yemen. Dhu Nuwas is what was mentioned by historians, which is included in the story of "the people who make the trench," and caused a decline in the verse: "Woe to those who have made a trench. Fire is full of fuel. When they sit in that place. And what do people of faith that they witnessed. They tortured people just because they believe in Allah the Most Noble and Praise. "(Qur'an 85: 4-8)
The story is that there is a sum of Prophet Isa devout follower named Phemion has moved from Najran to the Byzantine Empire. Because this person very well, many residents of the city who follow in his footsteps, so that their number was increasingly growing as well. After the news came to the Dhu Nuwas, he went to Najran and asked the residents so that they convert to Judaism, would otherwise be killed. Because they refuse, then digalilah a ditch and installed a fire in it. They are inserted into the trench and that did not die from the fire, then killed with a sword or a contrived defect. According to some historical books of the murder victim reached twenty thousand people. One of them can escape from death and from the hand of Dhu Nuwas, he ran to the Byzantine Emperor Justinian and requested assistance for the actions of Dhu Nuwas it. Hence lies the Byzantine Empire is far from Yemen, the Emperor wrote to Najasyi (Negus) in order to repay the king of Yemen. At that time [6th century] Abyssinian led by Najasyi are in the peak of its glory. Extensive trade by sea, accompanied by a fleet that can kuat2 his grip until far, far away. At that time he became an ally Byzantine Empire and which holds the banner of Christianity in the Red Sea, while the Byzantine Empire itself hang in the Mediterranean Sea.
Footnote:
1 Quoted by Sir Muir in The Life of Mohammad, p.xc.
2 The story so there are a few history books.
Encylopedia Britannica also called it, and cited by the authors of the book Historian's History of the World and is also used as a handle by Emile Derminghem in la Vie de Mahomet. However, At-Tabari reported by Hisham ibn Muhammad that after the Yemeni people go to ask for help Najasyi for the actions of Dhu Nuwas and explain what he had done to the Christians by the defenders of the Jewish religion and show a Gospel that has been partially destroyed by fire, Najasyi said: "Power man here a lot, but I do not have a ship. Now I wrote a letter to the Emperor in order to send the ship and with it I will send my troops. "Then he wrote a letter to the Emperor by attaching the Gospel that has been burned. And added:
"Hisham ibn Muhammad suspect, that after the vessels to the site of Najasyi, pasukannyapun raised and went to the beach Mandab." See Tarikh't-Tabari Al-Husainia mold, vol. 2, p. 106 and 108.
Are reasonable once in such territories, which as broad Kingdom Saharan Africa, nobody can sedentary life, and how human life biasapun nor known. Also was used when people who live in that area is no more point just explore it and save themselves alone, except in places meager, which is overgrown with grass and animal husbandry. Also naturally also places that remain unknown because few people are willing to wander and want to explore the area. Practically the ancients did not know the Arabian Peninsula, in addition to Yemen. It's just the location that has been able to save from exile and penghuninyapun can survive themselves.
At that time people have felt so secure across the sea to transport merchandise or hold a cruise. From the Arab proverb that we can see now show, that the fear of people facing the same sea as in the face of death. But, however, to transport merchandise must be no other way than to wade danger of death. The most important trade transport that time was between East and West: between Romanic and its surroundings, as well as India and the surrounding areas. Arabian peninsula is an area that future traffic trade crossed through Egypt or through the Persian Gulf, through the canal which is located at the mouth of the Persian Gulf. Is certainly a reasonable one if the peoples of the interior of the Arabian peninsula into a king Sahara, as well as sailors in subsequent periods that the area more controlled water than land, sea king. And it was natural that when the kings of the desert know the ins and outs of the way of the caravan to dangerous places, as well as sailors, they are familiar with the lines of the boat trips to far, far away. "Road caravan was not left alone," kataHeeren, "but it has become a fixed place they are going through. In the vast desert region, which is commonly traversed by the caravans, nature has provided specific places to them, scattered in the barren region, which later became their resting place. In that place, in the shade of palm trees and on the banks of fresh water flowing around it, a trader with load animals can quench thirst thirst after the tiring journey. The resting places have also become a warehouse of their trade, and which partly used as a place of worship, where he asked for the protection of the merchandise or ask for help from that place. "1
Peninsula neighborhood was filled with the caravan. Important of which there are two. Which is a bordering the Persian Gulf, Dijla River, met with meadow Sham and Palestine. No wonder, too, if the boundary regions adjacent east was named the Road. Being that a longer bordering the Red Sea; and because it is named Road West. Through this two-way goods production in East and West are transported to the goods transported to the West in the East. Thus the inland areas get prosperity.
But that does not add to the knowledge of the West about the countries that have passed their trade. Because of the difficulty of taking these areas, both the West and East sides are willing to wade little - except for those who are familiar from his youth. While those who dared to gamble risking many lives lost in vain in the middle of the barren desert. For people who are used to living in luxury in the city, will not take hold barren mountains separating the Tihama on the Red Sea coast with a narrow area. Even at that time there were also people who get to the place - with only a camel as a vehicle - he would climb the mountain passes that will eventually cross over to the Najd plateau filled with desert. People who are used to living in a political system that can guarantee regular and satisfaction will be felt all the weight of all life in the atmosphere of the interior is not familiar discipline of state. Every tribe, or any family, even every pribadipun not have a sistiem relationship with anyone other than family ties or tribes or sworn loyal or jiwar system (protection neighbors) are commonly requested by the weaker party to the stronger. At every age land-living inland nations were indeed different from the life in the cities. He was satisfied with the way of life of each requite, against hostility with hostility, oppress the weak who have no protector. Such circumstances do not attract the attention of people to make a deeper investigation.
Therefore Peninsula region is still not known to the world at that time. And only then - after Muhammad s.a.w. born in these places - people began to recognize the history of news that brought people from that place, and the area was completely closed it is now beginning to be known world.
No one is known to the world about the Arab countries in addition to Yemen and its neighbors bordering the Persian Gulf. This is not because it is only caused by the border of the Persian Gulf and Ocean Indonesia alone, but rather caused by - unlike other peninsula-peninsula - a barren Sahara desert. The world is not interested, the country will bersahabatpun not feel will benefit and the colonizers also have no interest. Conversely, areas of Yemen fertile land, it rains regularly in every season. He became a powerful civilization country, with prosperous towns and places of worship were strong throughout the period. This peninsula population consists of ethnic Himyar, a tribe that intelligent and knowledgeable. Rain water flows discharged water the earth along the rugged land to sea. They made the Ma'rib Dam which can accommodate the flow of rain water in accordance with the terms of the applicable civilization.
Prior to the rise and this dam, water heavy rain falls on the mountains of Yemen were high that, along down to the valleys located east of the city of Ma'rib. At first the water down through the cracks of two mountains which lie on either side of this valley, separated from each other of approximately 400 meters. If the water had reached the Ma'rib it spread into the valley so that it lost absorbed as in dams upstream of the Nile. Thanks to the knowledge and intelligence that existed at the Yemeni population, they build a dam, the dam Ma'rib. This dam was built out of stone at the end of a narrow valley, then made cracks in order to allow for the distribution of water to the places they want and thus they grow fertile soil. Relics of civilization Himyar in Yemen ever investigated - and until now the investigation is still forwarded basis- showed, that their civilization at one time indeed has reached very high levels, also sejarahpun showed that Yemen had also suffered a disaster.
Even though so civilization resulting from fertility land and its inhabitants who settled also cause interference in the peninsula environment. Kings of Yemen sometimes from family Himyar already hereditary, sometimes also from among the people Himyar until the time Dhu Nuwas al-Himyari power. Dhu Nuwas itself inclined at all to the religion of Moses (Yudaisma), and did not like the idolatry that has befallen the nation. He studied this religion of the Jews were moved and settled in Yemen. Dhu Nuwas is what was mentioned by historians, which is included in the story of "the people who make the trench," and caused a decline in the verse: "Woe to those who have made a trench. Fire is full of fuel. When they sit in that place. And what do people of faith that they witnessed. They tortured people just because they believe in Allah the Most Noble and Praise. "(Qur'an 85: 4-8)
The story is that there is a sum of Prophet Isa devout follower named Phemion has moved from Najran to the Byzantine Empire. Because this person very well, many residents of the city who follow in his footsteps, so that their number was increasingly growing as well. After the news came to the Dhu Nuwas, he went to Najran and asked the residents so that they convert to Judaism, would otherwise be killed. Because they refuse, then digalilah a ditch and installed a fire in it. They are inserted into the trench and that did not die from the fire, then killed with a sword or a contrived defect. According to some historical books of the murder victim reached twenty thousand people. One of them can escape from death and from the hand of Dhu Nuwas, he ran to the Byzantine Emperor Justinian and requested assistance for the actions of Dhu Nuwas it. Hence lies the Byzantine Empire is far from Yemen, the Emperor wrote to Najasyi (Negus) in order to repay the king of Yemen. At that time [6th century] Abyssinian led by Najasyi are in the peak of its glory. Extensive trade by sea, accompanied by a fleet that can kuat2 his grip until far, far away. At that time he became an ally Byzantine Empire and which holds the banner of Christianity in the Red Sea, while the Byzantine Empire itself hang in the Mediterranean Sea.
Footnote:
1 Quoted by Sir Muir in The Life of Mohammad, p.xc.
2 The story so there are a few history books.
Encylopedia Britannica also called it, and cited by the authors of the book Historian's History of the World and is also used as a handle by Emile Derminghem in la Vie de Mahomet. However, At-Tabari reported by Hisham ibn Muhammad that after the Yemeni people go to ask for help Najasyi for the actions of Dhu Nuwas and explain what he had done to the Christians by the defenders of the Jewish religion and show a Gospel that has been partially destroyed by fire, Najasyi said: "Power man here a lot, but I do not have a ship. Now I wrote a letter to the Emperor in order to send the ship and with it I will send my troops. "Then he wrote a letter to the Emperor by attaching the Gospel that has been burned. And added:
"Hisham ibn Muhammad suspect, that after the vessels to the site of Najasyi, pasukannyapun raised and went to the beach Mandab." See Tarikh't-Tabari Al-Husainia mold, vol. 2, p. 106 and 108.